Thomas g



(No Model.)

T. G. BENNETT.

PRO-TEGTILE.

No. 854,376. Patented Dec. 14, 1886.

, UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.-

THOMAS G. BENNETT, on NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, AssIG oR TO THE WI HEsT R REPEATING ARMS COMPA Y, OF sA -IE PLACE.

-PROJ ECTIJ. E-

SPECIFICATION forming part of Tletters Patent No. 354,3 6, dated December 14, 1886.

Application filed March 2'], [885. Serial No. 9,725. (Ndynodsh .To albwhom it may concern.- 1

Be it known that I, Trronss G. BENNETT, of New Haven, in the countyiof New Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented a new 5 Improvement in Projectiles; and I do hereby declare the following, when taken in connection with accompanying drawings and the letters of reference marked thereon, to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, and which said drawings constitute part of this specificatiomand represent, in-

Figure 1, a side view of the bullet complete;

Fig. 2, a side view of the body of the bullet without the casing; Fig. 3, a vertical section bullet with the casing set upon it; Fig. 5,-a

vertical central section-of the bullet complete;

projectiles several difiiculties are experienced, such as leading the barrel, displacement of the bullet in the shell, upsetting or injury of the point in transportation; or in magazine-arms, ,where several cartridges are arranged in the magazine, and so that the head of one abuts upon the point of the bullet of the next. These nature of the lead. I

The object of my invention is to avoid the difliculties attending the use of lead bullets.

The body A of the bullet is made from lead or other suitable material, and 'of the usual shape, as seen in Fig. 2, but of slightly less diameter than required for use in the arm. B, the inclosing-case, (see Fig. 3,) is struck" from sheet metal, its interior corresponding to the 0 exterior of the bullet, but preferably of a little greater depth, and so that set over the bullet theedge at the rear or open end will extend slightly beyond the rear end of the bullet. The best method of introducing the bullet is-to swage it into the shell-that is, by forcing it into the shell while the shell is held in a die. and so that the force applied to the bullet will expand it to completely fill the shell, and so as to securely unite the two; but the bullet may 50 be formed and otherwise set into the casing.

of the casing; Fig. 4, a vertical section of the and many other difficulties arise from the soft If the casing is. of greater depth than the bullet, the projecting edge is. turned down upon the base of the bullet, 'as shown in broken lines, Fig. 4. Thus inclosed the bullet is subjected to the grooving operation, which forms annular grooves a a in its base portion, and at the same time a shoulder, b, forward of the grooves, as seen in Fig. 5. The casing and bullet are reduced in diameter from the 'shoulder rearward corresponding to the thickness of the shell t-owhich the bullet is to be applied. The grooves a a receive the lubrication in the usual manner of applying such lubrication to lead bullets, and so as to serve to lubricate the'barrel in the passage of the bullet through it;

The shoulder b serves to locate the bullet in a the shell, as seen in Fig. 6. This shoulder being protected by the casing prevents the shear- 7o ing action of the shell upon the bullet, common in theruse of lead.

The annular grooves a a in the casing or harder metal ggreatly strengthen the body of the bullet.

The copper casing is sufficientlyduotile to permit it to enter the rifled bore of the barrel, and be readily brought to a shape corresponding to the ribs and grooves in the barrel, and Y because of the copper casing being harder than the bullet there is very much less or no liability of the surface of the bullet being stripped in passing through the twist of the barrel; hence the liability to lead is entirely avoided.

The grooves in the bullet contain a lubricant for the inner surface of the barrel, to give perfect freedom in the passage of succeeding bullets through the barrel.

In cartridges with bullets thus constructed there is no'liability of' upsetting the bullet in transportation, or in the magazine of arms where bullets are arranged one upon another, and so that the head of one comes upon the point of the next, as is the case with lead bul- 5 lets, the harder metal casing being able 'to withstand the upsetting action of the column of cartridges.

Another great advantage in the use of bulmonly called dummies-that is, cartridges in which the explosive material is omitted for practice, as in schools, ,or experiments with fire-arms. Where a cartridge with a lead bul- 5 let is employed the Bullet soon becomes in dented or'injured, so as to make the dummy tactically useless, and constant replenishing s required, whereas with a bullet of lead covered with a hard-metal casing, as I have de 1o scribed,'and with the shoulder b, to locale the bullet at the mouth of the shell, the bullet is not liable to such injury or displacement: While in some cases the turning-over 0f thd rear end of the shell onto-the'bullet is desir- 15' able-it may lie-omitted, the formation'of the shoulder or of the groove either being suflicient to retain the shell in its place.

While I prefer to apply the casing to the body from the front rearward, this may be reversed, the casing closed at its rear end, and 20 the bullet introduced through its mouth, and

the mouth closed thereon.

A bullet consisting of a lead body, a hardmet-al'casing extending over the surface of the 25 bullet, the said casingand body reduced to form the shoulder b, and also constructed with annular-grooves around the-body between said shoulder and its rearend, substantially as de- 'LEE H. Dsmsns; 

